中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
美国航空系统一个月“崩溃”两次,暴露“巨大弱点”******
中新网1月12日电 据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)报道,当地时间11日,美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)系统出现故障,一度暂停美国境内航班起飞。虽然后续解除暂停措施,但导致上万架次航班受到影响。
美媒报道称,这是美国航空系统一个月以来第二次“崩溃”,暴露出美国航空业系统老化、人员不足等重大问题。
2023年1月11日,美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)系统出现故障,一度暂停美国境内航班起飞。图为盐湖城国际机场的旅客。上万航班受影响,因一个数据库文件损坏?
据报道,11日早间,FAA宣布空中任务通知系统发生故障,并短暂停止美国境内航班起飞。当日9时左右,暂停起飞措施解除,但由于持续拥堵,航空公司继续推迟或取消航班。
CNN援引航班信息追踪网站FlightAware数据称,截至美国东部时间11日18时,已有9500多架次航班被延误,超过1300架次航班被取消。
白宫新闻秘书卡里娜•让-皮埃尔发表声明说,美国总统拜登已经听取关于空中任务通知系统出现故障的汇报,目前没有证据显示这是一次网络攻击。
FAA在11日晚间发布的声明中承认,初步调查发现故障是由“一个损坏的数据库文件”造成的,并表示将进一步彻查事故原因,并采取一切必要措施防止再次出现航班中断。
另据路透社报道,美国参议院商务委员会主席、民主党人坎特韦尔表示,该委员会将就此次计算机系统中断原因展开调查。坎特韦尔称,“公众需要一个有弹性的航空运输系统”。
一个月内两次,事故“不可原谅”
报道指出,此次大规模停飞是美国航空业在不到一个月内遭遇的第二次重大事故。
2022年底,因遭遇超强寒潮和系统老化等原因,美国西南航空一周内取消了近1.6万个航班,大量乘客受到影响,航空公司还在退款问题上与乘客僵持不下。
美国交通部长当时表示,西南航空大规模航班取消已经不是天气导致的事件,而是西南航空公司内部的“系统性失败”。
而在此次大规模停飞事故后,美国更是出现了不少要求航空系统升级的声音。
经历了两次停飞的旅客表示,“遇到天气问题很常见,但我从未经历过影响整个国家的大规模(航班)取消。”
美国旅游协会总裁和首席执行官弗里曼表示,“此次FAA灾难性的系统故障清楚地表明,美国的交通网络迫切需要重大升级。”
美国众议院交通和基础设施委员会主席格雷夫斯则称,这两次事故“不可原谅”,凸显了“美国航空运输系统的巨大弱点”。他认为,FAA人手严重短缺,“联邦航空局不是自动运行的——整个机构的各个职位上都需要有熟练、专注且固定的领导层,从局长办公室开始。”
CNN报道称,FAA目前在没有常任领导者的情况下运作。美国总统拜登提名的该组织负责人菲利普·华盛顿不但因有限的航空经验受到共和党人质疑,还曾在与洛杉矶政治腐败调查有关的搜查令中被提及。拜登近期再次提名此人,并表明了政府对他的支持。
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